Boiler.



No. 812,814. PATENTBD FEB. zo, 1906.

s. HALLANDER.

BOILER.

APPLIOATION HED ooT.1o. 1905. f

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

wiwi.

PATENTED FEB. 20, 1906.

S. HALLANDER.

BOILBR.

APrLIoATIoN FILED 00T. 1o. 1905.

2 SHEETS--SHEBT 2.

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UNITED STATES PATENT oEEIoE. SAMUEL HALLANDER, OF VANCOUVER, CANADA;

BOILER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 20, 1906.

Application filed October 10, 1905. Serial No. 282,093.

To @ZZ whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, SAMUEL HALL'ANDER, a citizen of the Dominion of Canada, residing at Vancouver, in the Province of British Columbia, Canada, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Pipe-Boilers, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to an improved pipe boiler for steam-generating purposes which is to a Steam-drum above extending along the' middle line of the boiler. These steam-gener ating pipes are carried horizontally back and forth across the upper portion of the furnacechamber, within which the products of com bustion in their progress to the smoke-stack are conducted back and forth among the pipes from end to end'by a series of baffleplates. The steam generating pipes and steam-drum are all exposed either directly to the furnace or to the products of combustion therefrom, as the casing of the boiler extends upward from the base-pipes and incloses the steam-drum except where the two ends of it project beyond the front and rear casing to provide a means for attachment for a pair of return-pipes from each projecting end of the steam-drum to Similarly projecting ends of each base-pipe. These return-pipes support the steam-drum and provide a means for the downward circulation of the water exterior to the furnace, so that no confliction ,of opposing currents may interfere withthe quiet circulation.

The particular construction and operation of the boiler is fully described in the following specification and illustrated in .the drawings which accompany it.

Figure 1'is a vertical cross-section through the boiler on the line A A in Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a vertical longitudinal section on the line B B in Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 a detail of the socketnipples by which the generating-pipes are connected to the base-pipes and steam-drum.

The boiler is provided with two base-'pipes `provide a seat for the smoke-stack 21.

2 and 3, which extend along each side of the furnace-chamber and at the front and back end of the boiler project outwardly beyond the fire-box casing a sufficient distance to enable return-pipes 4 to be connected to each end of each base-pipe. These return-pipes 4 are carried vertically upward for a short distance; and each is then inclined inward toward the middle line of the boiler and'is connected to the similarly-projecting outer ends of a steam-drum 5, to which the pipes 4 afford support, which drum extends along the middle line of the boiler parallel to the basepipes. Each end of the base-pipes 2 and 3 lrests in a semicircular seat in base end frames 7 above, which are secured the front and back plates 9 and 10 of the furnace, which .are provided with corresponding semlcircu- -lar seats to pass over the upper side of the base-pipes and secure them in place. In the lfront plate 9 is the furnace-doorway 11, and

the upper edges of both plates are furnished with outwardly-projecting flanges to receive the flanged lower edges of the end plates 6 of the casing of the combustion-chamber, through which casing the ends of the steamdrurn 5 outwardly project..

The side casings 2O of the furnace and combustion-chamber extend vertically upward from the foundation or base of the boiler to approximately the level of the under side of the steam-drum 5 and therefrom incline in ward toward the middle line of the boiler-to a width above the steam-drum suflicientuto e side casing 2O may be made in sections to be conveniently removed for the examination and repair of the steam-generating pipes to be hereinafter described.

The base end frames 7 are provided with inwardly-projecting ledges 8, on which the grate-bars 13 rest.

A series of steam-generating pipes 15, 16, 17, and 18 are secured into the upper side of each base-pipe 15 and 17 in the pipe 2 and 16 and'18 in the pipe 3, and. these generatingpipes extend vertically upward a sufficient distance to form a furnace-chamber 12 and between that and the underside of the steamdrum 5 are bent so as to extend horizontally back and forth across the width of the fluespace and are at their upper ends connected into the steam-drum 5 just below the horizontal diameter, the apertures into which they are connected being pitched zigzag to avoid any excessive weakening of the shell of the TOO IIO

drum 5. The pipes 15 and 16 from the basepipe 2 are connected to the same side of the drum on which that base-pipe is, and similarly 16 and 18 are connected to the drum 5 on the same side as the base-pipe 3. The horizontal cross portions of the pipes are pitched approximately the same distance apart, and the pipes from the lower line of the apertures in the drum are so bent that their horizontal portions will pitch between the pipes from the upper line of apertures. (See the cross-section in Fig. 1.) The space between the furnace-chamber and the steamdrum is thus filled with a series of closelypitched horizontal pipes, through which the water may circulate from the base-pipes 2 and 3 to the drum 5 and among which the furnace-gases require to pass toward their exit at the smoke-stack 21; but to prevent the current of such gases taking the short cut to such exit baffle-plates 22 are placed on the horizontal pipes, which bafiie-plates extend alternately from the front end casing to a short distance from the back and from the back end casing to a short distance from the front. The furnace-gases will thus be divert- 'ed from end to end of the flue-space in their progress to the chimney and will be brought Ae'lfectually in contact with all the generatingpipes, and that without having to descend in opposition to the specific gravity.

It will be noticed that although the baffles willdivert the general current back and forth fromend-to end ample space is provided among the bends for the passage of the furnace-gases upward round the edge to above thebaiiie, so that if any amount of combustible gas has become cooled below the ignitionpoint as it returns the, flame from a hotter portion of the fire beneath may again ignite it, and a more efficient combustion will be attained than would be possible were the fluepassages between the baffles completely cut off from one another.

Each side of the furnace-chamber 12 is provided With a fire-brick lining 14, extending upward to approximately the level of the first horizontal bend of -the generating-pipes. A similar lining may be provided on the front and back plates 9 and 10, and the rest of the casing 6 and 20 may be lined with asbestos, if found necessary.

Blow-off pipes 24 are connected to the outwardly-projectin ends of the base-pipes 2 and 3, and the eed-pipe may be similarly connected. The ends of these pipes 2 and 3 are provided with reinforcing-bends to avoid excessive weakening.

The ends of the pipes 2 and 3 are closed by plates 25, each having a circular groove to seat on the ends of the pipe and secured thereto by stay-rods 26 and nuts. The plates 27 Aof the steam-drum 5 may be similarly jointed on the ends of the drum and secured by through-bolts 28 or in larger boilers by stays riveted to the shell of the drum. The ends of either base-pipes or steam-drum may thus be readily removed for examination, cleaning, or repair.

The steam-pipe 29 is connected to the outwardly-projecting end of the steam-drum and is connected to a dry pipe 30, extending along theupper inner side of the drum and provided with perforations along its upper side.

.The safety-valve connection may be sinnlarly made to the other projecting end of the drum, and to prevent the water within the drum surging from end to end loosely itting y partition-plates 31 are placed within the drum, which plates are maintained in position by passing the stay-rods through them and providing tubular distance-pieces 32 upon several of the stays.

With this construction of boiler the furnace-gases are effectually distributed among the steam-generating pipes, the water and steam within which will freely ascend to the drum 5, and a steady quiet circulation of the water is insured by having the down-pipes 4 exterior to the furnace or flue-space, as there will be no confliction of opposing currents through either generating-pipes or downpipes. The down-pipes may of course be covered with non-conducting material to prevent loss of heat. The upward circulation through the generating-pipes being drawn uniformly throughout the length ofthe basepipes, there will be no violent current through them, and not being themselves exposed to excessiveheat if impurity is in the water it will deposit in the base-pipes to be withdrawn by the blow-off. The provision of cross-partitions in the steam-drum will maintain a steady water-line and prevent water being carried into the steam-pipe, enabling the boiler to work effectually without an extrenal dome or steam-drum.

Anyone of the generating-pipes may be easily removed for renewal or repair, as the connections to the base-pipe and drum may be made by right and left hand socket-nipples, (see Fig. 3,) and the extreme flexibility of the pipes due to their bends enables these connections to be very easily made.

Care must be taken in placing the baffles 22 to see that they rest within the open loops of each horizontal bend, so that a pipe may be withdrawn from either side. Thus on reference to Fig. 1 it will be seen that the position of the baflies is such that a pipe may be withdrawn from either side without disturbing the bafiies or requiring the removal of any of the other pipes.

' Having now particularly described the construction of my invention and the advantages derived from such, I hereby declare that what I claim as new, and desire to be protected in by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a boiler of the class described; the combination with two base-pipes situated IOO IIO

one on each side of the furnace, of a steamdrum above such base-pipes, stay-rods passing through said drum, a series of loosely-fitting partitions within said steam-drum and supported by said stay-rods, down-pipes exterior to the furnace-chamber connecting the base-pipes to the steam-drum, a series of steam-generating pipes between the basepipes and the steam-drum such generatingpipes extending vertically upward from the basepipe a short distance and thereafter passing back and forth across the furnace, each series of pipes from each base-pipe being connected to the same side of the steamdrum on which the base-pipe is to which they are connected, a foundation-frame in which the base-pipesA rest supporting the bars of the furnace, and a casing inclosing the steamgenerating pipes and thatportionl'of the basepipes and steam-drum to which they are connected.

2. In a boiler of the class described; the combination with two base-pipes extending along each side of the furnace and having their ends projecting beyond the furnacecasing, of a steam-drum in the middle line of the boiler above the base-pipes and similarly extending beyond the casing of the flue-space, stay-rods passing through said drum, a series of partition-plates loosely fitted on said stayrods within said drum to extend across the drum, down-pipes from the under side of the ends of the drum exterior to the flue-casing to the similarly-projecting ends of the basepipes, means for supporting the base-pipes and retaining them in position, a front plate Yprovided with a furnace-doorway and a back end plate, such front and back plates being connected to the base-frame, furnace-bars suitably supported between the base-pipes, a series of steam-generating pipes inserted into the upper side of the base-pipes and extending upward a sufficient distance to clear the furnace and thereafter bent backward and forward across the furnace betweenl it and the steam-drum each series .of pipes being inserted into the steam-drum in the same side as the base-pipe is to which they are secured at the lower end, the apertures in the drum to which the steam-generating pipes are connected being pitched zigzag and the pipes to the upper line of apertures being sobent that the horizontal portion of them will in crosssection of the boiler be pitched between the horizontal portion of the pipes which are connected to the lower line of the apertures in the drum, and a casing inclosing the furnace and flue-space and extending upward to include the steam-drum.

3. In a boiler of the class described; the combination with two base-pipes and a steam-drum above them, of a series of steamy generating pipes connecting the base-pipes and drum, which generating-pipes are bent back and forth across the furnace, downopen loopsof the pipes of each side so that any one pipe may be removed without disturbing the other pipes or the baiies.`

4. In a boiler of the class described; the combination with base-pipes on each side of the furnace, of a steam-drum in the middle line above said base-pipes, a series of stayrods running from'end to end within the drum, loosely-fitting partition-plates held on said stay-rods and arranged across the steamdrum, down-pipes external to the furnace or flue-space connecting the steam-drum to the ends of the base-pipes and cross-pipes within the furnace connecting the drumwith the base-pipes substantially as shown and described.

5. In a boiler of the class described; the combination with a side casing 20 forming the side wall of a furnace and having a nonconducting lining, of the end plates 9 and 10 inclosing the ends of the furnace, the casing 6 inclosing the ends of the Hue-space the smokestack 21, the base-pipes 2 and 3 the ends of which project beyond the end walls of the furnace-chamber, the steam-drum 5 within the upper part of the Hue-space and having ends projecting beyond the ends thereof, the down-pipes 4 from the outer ends of the steam-drum to the outer ends of each basepipe, the steam-generating pipes 15, 16, 17 and 18 from the base-pipes to the steamdrum, the baffles 22 extending alternately from the front plate to a short distance from the back plate and from the back plate to a short distancefrom the front plate, and the partition-plates 31 secured within the steamdrum.

6. In a boiler of the class described; the combination with base-pipes on each side of the furnace, of a steam-drum in the middle line above said base-pipes, a series of stayrods running from end to end within the drum, loosely-fitting partition-plates held on said stay-rods and arranged across the steamdrum, down-pipes external to the furnace or flue-space connecting the steam-drum to theA ends of the base-pipes, a plurality of crosspipes connecting the steam-drum with the base-pipes, and a series of bafiies among the cross-pipes.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

RowLAND BRITTAIN, FREDA QUINN.

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